{"id":2654,"date":"2021-10-18T12:29:17","date_gmt":"2021-10-18T16:29:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/?p=2654"},"modified":"2025-05-26T11:17:46","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T15:17:46","slug":"as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom with Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist 10\/27, 7:00 PM"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">***<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"m_-6950170548363879006paragraph\" align=\"center\"><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006normaltextrun\"><b>\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom<\/b><\/span><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006eop\">\u00a0<\/span><u><\/u><u><\/u><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"m_-6950170548363879006paragraph\" align=\"center\"><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006normaltextrun\"><b>Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist<\/b><\/span><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006eop\">\u00a0<\/span><u><\/u><u><\/u><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"m_-6950170548363879006paragraph\" align=\"center\"><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006normaltextrun\"><b>October 27, 2021, 7:00 PM<\/b><\/span><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006eop\">\u00a0<\/span><u><\/u><u><\/u><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"m_-6950170548363879006paragraph\" align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tennessee.zoom.us\/my\/mddeardorff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/tennessee.zoom.us\/my\/mddeardorff&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1634657565630000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFoMnHB9hK7MF7OnPnyRtMCoeEGwg\"><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006normaltextrun\"><b>https:\/\/tennessee.zoom.us\/my\/mddeardorff<\/b><\/span><\/a><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006normaltextrun\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006eop\">\u00a0<\/span><u><\/u><u><\/u><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"m_-6950170548363879006paragraph\"><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006eop\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-2655\" src=\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"454\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg 454w, https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27-300x277.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27-217x200.jpeg 217w, https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27-433x400.jpeg 433w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 454px) 100vw, 454px\" \/><\/a><\/span><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006normaltextrun\">America\u2019s original agreement with its Black citizens, under the three-fifths clause of the Constitution, is one of commodification. The Constitution constructs the Black body as expendable property. Police protect and serve in maintaining this status quo. Examining the scholarship on social contracts, my research suggests that Black citizens are only entitled to the rights and privileges of a subcontract. This subcontract allows for the harassment, unequal treatment, and in some instances, the death of marginalized groups by police at any time. Black Music lyrics will be examined to highlight the Black American experience under the law.<\/span><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"m_-6950170548363879006paragraph\"><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006normaltextrun\">Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist\u202fis\u202fAssistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Arkansas Fayetteville.\u00a0 A two-time National Science Foundation grant awardee, Dr. Baptist is also\u00a0the 2019-2020 Diane Blair Fellow. He earned his doctorate in political science from Howard University and his work has appeared in such journals\u202fas\u202fS<i>ocial Science Quarterly<\/i>,\u202f<i>National Political Science Review<\/i>,\u202f<i>Journal of Race and Ethnicity<\/i>,\u202f<i>Politics, Groups, and Identities<\/i>, and other outlets. Dr. Baptist\u2019s work\u202fis\u202fprimarily focused on Black politics, social movements, culture, political behavior, public opinion, and mass media in the United States.\u202f<\/span><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006eop\">\u00a0<\/span><u><\/u><u><\/u><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"m_-6950170548363879006paragraph\"><span class=\"m_-6950170548363879006eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom,\u00a0Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist,\u00a0October 27, 2021, 7:00 PM\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-wrap\"><span><a class=\"more-link button text\" href=\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/\"><span>Continue Reading <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":800,"featured_media":2655,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[5],"class_list":{"0":"post-2654","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-events","8":"tag-events","9":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom with Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist 10\/27, 7:00 PM - History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom with Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist 10\/27, 7:00 PM - History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom,\u00a0Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist,\u00a0October 27, 2021, 7:00 PM\u00a0  Continue Reading\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-18T16:29:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-26T15:17:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"454\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"419\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Annie Tracy Samuel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Annie Tracy Samuel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/\",\"name\":\"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom with Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist 10\/27, 7:00 PM - History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-18T16:29:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-26T15:17:46+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#\/schema\/person\/4cb2de14c47c5d32016e0aa106c38014\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg\",\"width\":454,\"height\":419},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom with Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist 10\/27, 7:00 PM\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/\",\"name\":\"History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025\",\"description\":\"The UTC History Department\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#\/schema\/person\/4cb2de14c47c5d32016e0aa106c38014\",\"name\":\"Annie Tracy Samuel\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bb90bd9065cdf4ac861455da8ba4149ac103233c623a81f9021e45f07d366177?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bb90bd9065cdf4ac861455da8ba4149ac103233c623a81f9021e45f07d366177?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Annie Tracy Samuel\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/author\/njt969\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom with Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist 10\/27, 7:00 PM - History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom with Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist 10\/27, 7:00 PM - History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025","og_description":"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom,\u00a0Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist,\u00a0October 27, 2021, 7:00 PM\u00a0  Continue Reading","og_url":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/","og_site_name":"History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025","article_published_time":"2021-10-18T16:29:17+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-05-26T15:17:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":454,"height":419,"url":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Annie Tracy Samuel","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Annie Tracy Samuel","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/","url":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/","name":"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom with Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist 10\/27, 7:00 PM - History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg","datePublished":"2021-10-18T16:29:17+00:00","dateModified":"2025-05-26T15:17:46+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#\/schema\/person\/4cb2de14c47c5d32016e0aa106c38014"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/files\/2021\/10\/2021-10-27.jpeg","width":454,"height":419},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/2021\/10\/18\/as-is-america-subcontracting-freedom-with-dr-najja-kofi-baptist-10-27-700-pm\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u201cAs Is\u201d America: Subcontracting Freedom with Dr. Najja Kofi Baptist 10\/27, 7:00 PM"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/","name":"History Archive: Jul 2007 - Oct 2025","description":"The UTC History Department","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#\/schema\/person\/4cb2de14c47c5d32016e0aa106c38014","name":"Annie Tracy Samuel","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bb90bd9065cdf4ac861455da8ba4149ac103233c623a81f9021e45f07d366177?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bb90bd9065cdf4ac861455da8ba4149ac103233c623a81f9021e45f07d366177?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Annie Tracy Samuel"},"url":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/author\/njt969\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2654","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/800"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2654"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2654\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2656,"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2654\/revisions\/2656"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2655"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2654"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2654"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogarchive.utc.edu\/history\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2654"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}