Accessibility Techniques: Common Failures

Credit: https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Techniques/#failures

• F1: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.2 due to changing the meaning of content by positioning information with CSS
• F2: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 due to using changes in text presentation to convey information without using the appropriate markup or text
• F3: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 due to using CSS to include images that convey important information
• F7: Failure of Success Criterion 2.2.2 due to an object or applet … for more than five seconds
• F8: Failure of Success Criterion 1.2.2 due to captions omitting some dialogue or important sound effects
• F9: Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.5 due to changing the context when the user removes focus from a form element
• F10: Failure of Success Criterion 2.1.2 and Conformance Requirement 5 due to combining multiple content formats in a way that traps users inside one format type
• F12: Failure of Success Criterion 2.2.5 due to having a session time limit without a mechanism … re-authentication
• F13: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 and 1.4.1 due to having a text alternative that does not include information that is conveyed by color differences in the image
• F14: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.3 due to identifying content only by its shape or location
• F15: Failure of Success Criterion 4.1.2 due to implementing custom controls that do not use an accessibility API for the technology, or do so incompletely
• F16: Failure of Success Criterion 2.2.2 due to including scrolling content where movement is not essential to the activity without also including a mechanism to pause and restart the content
• F19: Failure of Conformance Requirement 1 due to not providing a method for the user to find the alternative conforming version of a non-conforming web page
• F20: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 and 4.1.2 due to not updating text alternatives when changes to non-text content occur
• F22: Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.5 due to opening windows that are not requested by the user
• F23: Failure of 1.4.2 due to playing a sound longer than 3 seconds where there is no mechanism to turn it off
• F24: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.3, 1.4.6 and 1.4.8 due to specifying foreground colors without specifying background colors or vice versa
• F25: Failure of Success Criterion 2.4.2 due to the title of a web page not identifying the contents
• F26: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.3 due to using a graphical symbol alone to convey information
• F30: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 and 1.2.1 due to using text alternatives that are not alternatives (e.g., filenames or placeholder text)
• F31: Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.4 due to using two different labels for the same function on different web pages within a set of web pages
• F32: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.2 due to using white space characters to control spacing within a word
• F33: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 and 1.3.2 due to using white space characters to create multiple columns in plain text content
• F34: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 and 1.3.2 due to using white space characters to format tables in plain text content
• F36: Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.2 due to automatically submitting a form and … given a value
• F37: Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.2 due to launching a new window without prior warning when the selection of a radio button, check box or select list is changed
• F38: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 due to not marking up decorative images in HTML in a way that allows assistive technology to ignore them
• F39: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 due to providing a text alternative that is not null (e.g., alt=”spacer” or alt=”image”) for images that should be ignored by assistive technology
• F40: Failure due to using meta redirect with a time limit
• F41: Failure of Success Criterion 2.2.1, 2.2.4, and 3.2.5 due to using meta refresh to reload the page
• F42: Failure of Success Criteria 1.3.1, 2.1.1, 2.1.3, or 4.1.2 when emulating links
• F43: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 due to using structural markup in a way that does not represent relationships in the content
• F44: Failure of Success Criterion 2.4.3 due to using tabindex to create a tab order that does not preserve meaning and operability
• F46: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 due to using th elements, … layout tables
• F48: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 due to using the pre element to markup tabular information
• F49: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.2 due to using an HTML layout table that does not make sense when linearized
• F50: Failure of Success Criterion 2.2.2 due to a script that causes a blink effect without a mechanism to stop the blinking at 5 seconds or less
• F52: Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.5 due to opening a new window as soon as a new page is loaded
• F54: Failure of Success Criterion 2.1.1 due to using only pointing-device-specific event handlers (including gesture) for a function
• F55: Failure of Success Criteria 2.1.1, 2.4.7, and 3.2.1 due to using script to remove focus when focus is received
• F58: Failure of Success Criterion 2.2.1 due to using server-side techniques to automatically redirect pages after a time-out
• F59: Failure of Success Criterion 4.1.2 due to using script to make div or span a user interface control in HTML without providing a role for the control
• F60: Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.5 due to launching a new window when a user enters text into an input field
• F61: Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.5 due to complete change of main content through an automatic update that the user cannot disable from within the content
• F63: Failure of Success Criterion 2.4.4 due to providing link context only in content that is not related to the link
• F65: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 due to omitting the alt attribute or text alternative on img elements, area elements, and input elements of type “image”
• F66: Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.3 due to presenting navigation links in a different relative order on different pages
• F67: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 and 1.2.1 due to providing long descriptions for non-text content that does not serve the same purpose or does not present the same information
• F68: Failure of Success Criterion 4.1.2 due to a user interface control not having a programmatically determined name
• F69: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.4 when resizing visually rendered text up to 200 percent causes the text, image or controls to be clipped, truncated or obscured
• F70: Failure of Success Criterion 4.1.1 due to incorrect use of start and end tags or attribute markup
• F71: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 due to using text look-alikes to represent text without providing a text alternative
• F72: Failure of Success Criterion 1.1.1 due to using ASCII art without providing a text alternative
• F73: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.1 due to creating links that are not visually evident without color vision
• F74: Failure of Success Criterion 1.2.2 and 1.2.8 due to not labeling a synchronized media alternative to text as an alternative
• F75: Failure of Success Criterion 1.2.2 by providing synchronized media without captions when the synchronized media presents more information than is presented on the page
• F77: Failure of Success Criterion 4.1.1 due to duplicate values of type ID
• F78: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.11 and 2.4.7 due to styling element outlines and borders in a way that removes or renders non-visible the visual focus indicator
• F79: Failure of Success Criterion 4.1.2 due to the focus state of a user interface component not being programmatically determinable or no notification of change of focus state available
• F80: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.4 when text-based form controls do not resize when visually rendered text is resized up to 200%
• F81: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.1 due to identifying required or error fields using color differences only
• F82: Failure of Success Criterion 3.3.2 by visually formatting a set of phone number fields but not including a text label
• F83: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.3 and 1.4.6 due to using background images that do not provide sufficient contrast with foreground text (or images of text)
• F84: Failure of Success Criterion 2.4.9 due to using a non-specific link such as “click here” or “more” without a mechanism to change the link text to specific text.
• F85: Failure of Success Criterion 2.4.3 due to using dialogs or menus that are not adjacent to their trigger control in the sequential navigation order
• F86: Failure of Success Criterion 4.1.2 due to not providing names for each part of a multi-part form field, such as a US telephone number
• F88: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.8 due to using text that is justified (aligned to both the left and the right margins)
• F89: Failure of Success Criteria 2.4.4, 2.4.9 and 4.1.2 due to not providing an accessible name for an image which is the only content in a link
• F90: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 for incorrectly associating table headers and content via the headers and id attributes
• F91: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 for not correctly marking up table headers
• F92: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 due to the use of role presentation on content which conveys semantic information
• F93: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.2 for absence of a way to pause or stop an HTML5 media element that autoplays
• F94: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.4 due to incorrect use of viewport units to resize text
• F95: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.13 due to content shown on hover not being hoverable
• F96: Failure due to the accessible name not containing the visible label text
• F97: Failure due to locking the orientation to landscape or portrait view
• F98: Failure due to interactions being limited to touch-only on touchscreen devices
• F99: Failure of Success Criterion 2.1.4 due to implementing character key shortcuts that cannot be turned off or remapped
• F100: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.4 due to showing a message asking to reorient device
• F101: Failure of Success Criterion 2.5.2 due to activating a control on the down-event
• F102: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.10 due to content disappearing and not being available when content has reflowed
• F103: Failure of Success Criterion 4.1.3 due to providing status messages that cannot be programmatically determined through role or properties
• F104: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.12 due to clipped or overlapped content when text spacing is adjusted
• F105: Failure of Success Criterion 2.5.1 due to providing functionality via a path-based gesture without simple pointer alternative
• F106: Failure due to inability to deactivate motion actuation
• F107: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.5 due to incorrect autocomplete attribute values
• F111: Failure of Success Criteria 1.3.1, 2.5.3, and 4.1.2 due to a control with visible label text but no accessible name
• F112: Failure of Success Criterion 2.2.2 due to using blinking content that lasts for more than five seconds without a mechanism to stop it
• F113: Failure of Success Criterion 1.2.5 due to not using available pauses in dialogue to provide audio descriptions of important visual content